fix(security): client-vitals — whitelist route/attr на анонимном эндпоинте

POST /api/telemetry/vitals анонимный, а route/attr не сверялись со словарём:
любой мог писать свободный текст в client_metrics (высокая кардинальность,
инъекция текста/PII/разметки).
- route: экспортировал полный словарь шаблонов из клиентского route-template.ts
  (KNOWN_ROUTE_TEMPLATES — канонический источник), сервер валидирует по зеркалу
  ALLOWED_ROUTE_TEMPLATES: нет в словаре → drop (null), событие остаётся.
- attr: это web-vitals attribution target (CSS-селектор), а не enum — ограничил
  консервативным charset CSS-селектора; всё вне набора → drop.
Клиентский self-consistency тест: templateRoute выдаёт ТОЛЬКО значения из
словаря (иначе легитимные метрики отбрасывались бы). Серверные тесты: raw-путь
и инъекция в route отброшены, PII/разметка в attr отброшены.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

apps/server/src/core/telemetry/client-metrics.constants.ts

@@ -24,6 +24,54 @@ export const ALLOWED_RATINGS = new Set<string>([
   'poor',
 ]);
 
+// The ONLY route labels accepted. The endpoint is anonymous, so an un-checked
+// `route` is a free-text write surface (arbitrary high-cardinality strings /
+// injected text into the metrics table). The client only ever sends a label from
+// a finite template dictionary (`templateRoute`), so we drop anything not in it.
+//
+// PARITY: this MUST mirror `KNOWN_ROUTE_TEMPLATES` in the client's
+// `apps/client/src/lib/telemetry/route-template.ts` (the canonical source). A
+// drift means legit client routes get dropped — keep the two in lockstep; the
+// client self-consistency test asserts `templateRoute` only emits these values.
+export const ALLOWED_ROUTE_TEMPLATES = new Set<string>([
+  '/',
+  'other',
+  // Static routes.
+  '/home',
+  '/spaces',
+  '/favorites',
+  '/login',
+  '/forgot-password',
+  '/password-reset',
+  '/setup/register',
+  '/settings/account/profile',
+  '/settings/account/preferences',
+  '/settings/workspace',
+  '/settings/ai',
+  '/settings/members',
+  '/settings/groups',
+  '/settings/spaces',
+  '/settings/sharing',
+  // Dynamic templates (slugs/ids are already collapsed to `:param`).
+  '/share/:shareId/p/:slug',
+  '/share/p/:slug',
+  '/share/:shareId',
+  '/p/:slug',
+  '/s/:space/p/:slug',
+  '/s/:space/trash',
+  '/s/:space',
+  '/labels/:label',
+  '/invites/:invitationId',
+  '/settings/groups/:groupId',
+]);
+
+// `attr` is a web-vitals attribution TARGET: a CSS-selector-ish string (an
+// element path like `html>body>div#app>button.cta`), never free prose. Constrain
+// it to a conservative CSS-selector charset so the anonymous endpoint cannot be
+// used to write arbitrary text / PII / markup into the metrics table. A value
+// containing anything outside this set is DROPPED (-> null); the event is kept.
+export const ATTR_ALLOWED_CHARSET = /^[A-Za-z0-9#.\-_> :()[\]="'*+~,]+$/;
+
 // Max events accepted per batch; the rest are ignored.
 export const MAX_EVENTS_PER_BATCH = 50;
 
@@ -77,14 +125,20 @@ export function sanitizeVitalEvent(
       ? e.rating
       : null;
 
+  // route: accept ONLY a known template label (dictionary check), else drop to
+  // null. The length cap stays as a cheap pre-guard before the Set lookup.
   let route: string | null = null;
   if (typeof e.route === 'string' && e.route.length > 0) {
-    route = e.route.slice(0, MAX_ROUTE_LENGTH);
+    const candidate = e.route.slice(0, MAX_ROUTE_LENGTH);
+    route = ALLOWED_ROUTE_TEMPLATES.has(candidate) ? candidate : null;
   }
 
+  // attr: truncate, then accept ONLY if it is a CSS-selector-shaped string
+  // (charset whitelist); anything with characters outside the set is dropped.
   let attr: string | null = null;
   if (typeof e.attr === 'string' && e.attr.length > 0) {
-    attr = e.attr.slice(0, MAX_ATTR_LENGTH);
+    const candidate = e.attr.slice(0, MAX_ATTR_LENGTH);
+    attr = ATTR_ALLOWED_CHARSET.test(candidate) ? candidate : null;
   }
 
   let docSize: number | null = null;

apps/server/src/core/telemetry/vitals.service.spec.ts

@@ -90,6 +90,44 @@ describe('VitalsService.buildRows', () => {
     expect(rows[0].attr).toHaveLength(MAX_ATTR_LENGTH);
   });
 
+  it('keeps a known route template but DROPS an unknown/free-text route (#495)', () => {
+    const rows = svc.buildRows(
+      {
+        events: [
+          { name: 'INP', value: 1, route: '/s/:space/p/:slug' }, // known
+          { name: 'INP', value: 2, route: '/s/acme-corp/p/secret-slug' }, // raw path (slugs) — not a template
+          { name: 'INP', value: 3, route: 'DROP TABLE client_metrics;--' }, // injected free text
+          { name: 'INP', value: 4, route: '/home' }, // known static
+        ],
+      },
+      WS,
+    );
+    expect(rows.map((r) => r.route)).toEqual([
+      '/s/:space/p/:slug',
+      null, // raw path dropped
+      null, // free text dropped
+      '/home',
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('DROPS an attr that is not a CSS-selector-shaped string (#495)', () => {
+    const rows = svc.buildRows(
+      {
+        events: [
+          { name: 'INP', value: 1, attr: 'div#app>button.cta' }, // valid selector
+          { name: 'INP', value: 2, attr: 'user@example.com wrote a note' }, // free text / PII
+          { name: 'INP', value: 3, attr: '<script>alert(1)</script>' }, // markup
+        ],
+      },
+      WS,
+    );
+    expect(rows.map((r) => r.attr)).toEqual([
+      'div#app>button.cta',
+      null,
+      null,
+    ]);
+  });
+
   it('caps the batch at 50 events', () => {
     const events = Array.from({ length: 200 }, () => ({ name: 'CLS', value: 1 }));
     const rows = svc.buildRows({ events }, WS);